Viêm phổi do phế cầu: Hiểu để chủ động giữ sức khỏe cho người lớn tuổi

Lưu ý: Thông tin về sức khỏe trong tài liệu này chỉ được cung cấp cho mục đích giáo dục và không nhằm mục đích thay thế việc tham khảo ý kiến với chuyên gia tại các cơ sở y tế. Tất cả các quyết định liên quan đến việc chăm sóc bệnh nhân phải được thực hiện bởi chuyên gia tại các cơ sở y tế dựa trên việc xem xét các đặc điểm riêng biệt của từng bệnh nhân và dựa trên đánh giá và chỉ định điều trị của nhân viên y tế. Vui lòng đến gặp bác sĩ của bạn.

Nội dung này được cung cấp bởi Pfizer Việt Nam.

PP-PNR-VNM-1466

Tài liệu tham khảo:

1. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), 2023. Pneumonia: Causes. [online] National Institutes of Health. Available at: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/pneumonia/causes (Accessed 22 Apr. 2025).

2. Bush, A. and Waterer, G. (2024) ‘World Pneumonia Day: Why Do We Still Need It?’, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 210(11), pp. 1297–1299. doi:10.1164/rccm.202410-1883VP.

3. Bộ Y tế, 2021. Niên giám Thống kê Y tế Việt Nam 2019-2020. Hà Nội: Nhà xuất bản Y học.

4. Vo TQ, Bui HT, Tran TPC, Nguyen TTH, Ha TV, Nguyen HTS. (2018). Medical Expenditures of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalization: A Two-Year Retrospective Study from a Hospital Electronic Database in Vietnam. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 12(6): LC38–LC43. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/35731.11704

5. Yesilkaya, H., Oggioni, M.R. and Andrew, P.W. (2022) ‘Streptococcus pneumoniae: “captain of the men of death” and financial burden’, Microbiology, 168(12), p. 001275. doi:10.1099/mic.0.001275.

6. Gierke, R., Wodi, A.P. and Kobayashi, M. (2024) ‘Chapter 17: Pneumococcal Disease’, Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (The Pink Book), 14th edn. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/pinkbook/hcp/table-of-contents/chapter-17-pneumococcal-disease.html (Accessed: 22 April 2025)

7. Oishi, K., Tamura, K., & Akeda, Y. (2014). Global control of pneumococcal infections by pneumococcal vaccines. Tropical Medicine and health, 42(2SUPPLEMENT), S83-S86.

8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) ‘About pneumococcal disease’, CDC, 31 October. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/about/index.html (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

9. Maeda, H. and Morimoto, K. (2025) ‘Global distribution and characteristics of pneumococcal serotypes in adults’, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 21(1), p. 2469424. doi:10.1080/21645515.2025.2469424.

10. Løchen, A., Croucher, N.J. and Anderson, R.M., 2020. Divergent serotype replacement trends and increasing diversity in pneumococcal disease in high income settings reduce the benefit of expanding vaccine valency. Scientific Reports, 10, p.18977. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75691-5

11. Wiese, A.D., Self, W.H., Gaglani, M., Grijalva, C.G., Talbot, H.K., Zhu, Y., et al., 2024. Prevalence, clinical severity, and serotype distribution of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in Tennessee and Georgia, 2018–2022. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 79(4), pp.838–847. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae316

12. Sadoff, J., Han, L., Kandasamy, R., et al. (2023) ‘Distribution of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in adults 65 years and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis’, Vaccine, 41(38), pp. 5651–5660. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.042.

13. Pfizer Inc. (2024) ‘Age & Risk 50+’, Prevnar 20 – Pneumococcal 20-valent Conjugate Vaccine. Available at: https://adult.prevnar20.com/ageandrisk (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

14. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (2024) ‘Pneumococcal disease’, NFID. Available at: https://www.nfid.org/infectious-disease/pneumococcal/ (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

15. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (2020). How will population ageing affect health expenditure trends in Viet Nam and what are the implications if people age in good health? Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe.

16. Nguyen, T.D., Hoang, V.M., Nguyen, V.H., Giang, K.B., Tran, T.N., Nguyen, X.L., Dang, K.K.L., Vu, T.T. and Vu, D., 2020. Patterns of behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Vietnam: A narrative scoping review. Health Psychology Open, 7(2). [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055102920967248 (Accessed 28 Apr. 2025)

17. Trinh, L.T.N., Do, A.D., Nguyen, M.H., et al., 2024. A scoping review on best practices of antibiotic resistance control in the private health sector and a case study in Vietnam. Discover Public Health, 21, p.53.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-024-00174-1 (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

18. Oliva, J. and Terrier, O. (2021) ‘Viral and bacterial co-infections in the lungs: dangerous liaisons’, Viruses, 13(9), p.1725. doi:10.3390/v13091725.

19. Hwang, S., Nam, E., Kim, S.W., Chang, H.H., Kim, Y., Bae, S., Lee, N.Y., Kim, Y.K., Kim, J.S., Park, H.W., Bae, J.G., Jeong, J. and Kwon, K.T., 2025. Poor prognosis of pneumococcal co-infection in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a propensity score-matched analysis. Infection & Chemotherapy, 57(1), pp.172–178. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2024.0130

20. World Health Organization (2024) WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization, p. 12. Available at: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/376776/9789240093461-eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) ‘CDC recommends lowering the age for pneumococcal vaccination from 65 to 50 years old’, CDC Newsroom, 23 October. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s1023-pneumococcal-vaccination.html (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

22. Pfizer Vietnam (n.d.) ‘Tìm hiểu sự thật về tiêm chủng’. Available at: https://www.pfizer.com.vn/vi/your-health-vietnamese/vaccine-and-prevention/get-the-facts-about-vaccinations (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

23. World Health Organization (WHO), 2025. How do vaccines work? [online] WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/how-do-vaccines-work [Accessed 22 Apr. 2025].

24. Cục Quản lý Dược (2025) Quyết định số 65/QĐ-QLD về việc phê duyệt danh mục thuốc được cấp giấy đăng ký lưu hành tại Việt Nam. Available at: https://dav.gov.vn/upload_images/files/65_QD_QLD%202025_signed.pdf (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

25. Ministry of Health (2024) ‘Cần làm gì để phòng ngừa nhiễm phế cầu?’, Cổng thông tin Bộ Y tế, 6 October. Available at: https://moh.gov.vn/home?p_p_id=101&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=maximized&p_p_mode=view&_101

_struts_action=%2Fasset_publisher%2Fview_content &_101_type=content&_101_urlTitle=can-lam-gi-e-phong-ngua-nhiem-phe-cau- (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

26. Ministry of Health (2019) ‘Trẻ em được tiêm vắc-xin đầy đủ, đúng lịch là biện pháp phòng bệnh chủ động cần được thực hiện triệt để’, Cổng thông tin Bộ Y tế, 29 January. Available at: https://moh.gov.vn/chuong-trinh-muc-tieu-quoc-gia/-/asset_publisher/7ng11fEWgASC/content/tre-em-uoc-tiem-vac-xin-ay-u-ung-lich-la-bien-phap-phong-benh-chu-ong-can-uoc-thuc-hien-triet-e (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

27. Musher, D.M., Anderson, R. and Feldman, C. (2022) ‘The remarkable history of pneumococcal vaccination: an ongoing challenge’, Pneumonia (Nathan), 14(1), p.5. doi:10.1186/s41479-022-00097-y.

28. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2024) ‘Pneumococcal Vaccine Recommendations’, CDC, 26 October. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/hcp/vaccine-recommendations/index.html (Accessed: 22 April 2025).

29. Hung, I. F. N., Tantawichien, T., Tsai, Y. H., Patil, S., & Zotomayor, R. (2013). Regional epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in Asian adults: epidemiology, disease burden, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance patterns and prevention. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 17(6), e364-e373.

30. Chen H, Matsumoto H, Horita N, Hara Y, Kobayashi N, Kaneko T. Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease in adult: a system review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 4;11(1):11865. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91234-y. PMID: 34088948; PMCID: PMC8178309.

31. CDC - Pneumococcal Vaccination. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/vaccines/index.html (Accessed: 28 May 2025).